Rudiments are the scales and arpeggios of the drum kit. 

Put simply, they're different sticking patterns that you need to learn and these will help you play more proficiently around the kit.

Stick Control for the Snare Drummer by George Lawrence Stone is a drumming text published in the 1930s

 In 1993, Modern Drummer magazine named the book one of the top 25 books of all-time. In the words of the author, it is the ideal book for improving: control, speed, flexibility, touch, rhythm, lightness, delicacy, power, endurance, preciseness of execution and muscular coordination, with extra attention given to the development of the weak hand. This indispensable book for drummers of all types includes hundreds of basic to advanced-level rhythms, moving through categories of single-beat combinations, triplets, short roll combinations, flam beats, flam triplets and dotted notes, and short roll progressions.

Stick control is NOT only for the snare drummer….also applicable to the drum kit player (ie using your feet) and the percussionist.

‘Internalisation’ of patterns (making them 'second nature') is essential to drumming ‘flow’ when playing.

Rudiments and Chops however are not the only patterns one can learn.

A Global Alternative 

Taking a global view…one can find patterns and ‘chops' beyond the European and North American norms.

These two books provide a global slant on kit playing (drumset or percussion kit).

Brazilian Rhythms for Drumset by John Riley

https://hudsonmusic.com/product/brazilian-rhythms-for-drumset/?wcacra=2221784

and

Afro-Cuban Rhythms for the Drumset by Frank Malabe

https://hudsonmusic.com/product/afro-cuban-rhythms-for-drumset/?wcacra=9778205

With books such as these your ‘chops’ can go beyond fast rudiments to something more textured and melodic across the kit.